Understanding the Different Types of Electric Car Chargers

To date, there are over 1,970,000 fully electric cars in the UK. This is a staggering increase from 2021 where over 345,000 were recorded.

The ever-growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) means it’s even more important drivers know the difference between different types of EV chargers and which one is best suited for their car. Choosing the right EV charger can make a real difference to how convenient and cost-effective your driving experience is - and choosing the wrong charger can have an impact on your time and journey plans.

Read on to find out more about the different types of EV chargers, as well as their pros and cons.

What are the different types of EV chargers

EV chargers are grouped by speed and power output, with different options suited to home charging and public use.

There are two main types of chargers for EVs based on the type of current they use: alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC). DC chargers tend to be faster than AC chargers because they are designed for higher power outputs. Unlike AC chargers, which need to convert the AC power to DC, they can deliver electricity straight to the battery.

AC chargers are most commonly used at home, while DC chargers are typically found at public charging stations, where faster charging is required. With this in mind, let’s take a look at the three main charging speeds below.

Level 1 chargers (slow)

When you purchase your EV, you’ll likely receive a basic charger that can be plugged into a standard electrical outlet at your home. This is your level 1 charger. This type of charger has a slow charging speed, typically 2.3kW and 3.7kW, adding around 3–7 miles of range per hour. 

The main advantage of using a slow charger is that you won’t incur any additional costs (beyond electricity) because it works with your household socket. However, it’s not useful if you’re in a rush and need a fast charge.

• Charging time: Can take 22-40+ hours to charge a standard electric vehicle (BEV) from empty.
• Suitability: Recommended for drivers with short daily commutes (30-40 miles), or those who can plug in overnight. 

Level 2 chargers (fast)

The next step up from a level 1 charger is a level 2 charger which can be used at home or at designated charging points. If you choose to use a level 2 charger at home, it’s important to be aware that this may require professional installation, and will certainly add costs to the purchase of your EV.

However, charging speeds increase significantly, typically ranging from 7kW to 22kW and raising the range to around 20–30 miles per hour.

• Charging time: Depending on a number of factors, like the make and model of EV, maximum charging rate and the battery’s state of charge,  it can take anywhere from 2.5 - 9 hours to fully charge.
• Suitability: This is perfect for drivers that use their car daily, and potentially need the best of both home charging and public charging stations.

Level 3 chargers (rapid)

And, finally, if you’re a driver that uses their vehicle regularly for long trips and needs super quick charging, the level 3 charger is for you. A level 3 charger uses DC power to directly charge the battery, adding significant range in in a short period of time. However, this type of charging isn’t compatible with all EVs, so it’s important to check your drivers handbook before using.

Rapid chargers typically range from 50kW to 100kW, while ultra-rapid chargers can exceed 150kW.

If you own a Tesla, you’ll have access to Superchargers, their fastest charging option for when you’re away from home, adding up to 172 miles in a staggering 15 minute period.

• Charging time: Some EVs can add up to 100+ miles of range in as little as 30 minutes.
• Suitability: Rapid and ultra-rapid chargers are generally found at public charging stations and motorway services, as they are not typically suitable for home installation. 

What is on-street EV charging, and why does it matter?

On-street EV charging allows drivers without a driveway to access charging near their home, helping make EV ownership more practical in urban areas. 

A significant number of UK households do not have access to off-street parking, which can make home charging more difficult. This lack of access to on-street EV charging has been a key barrier for many drivers considering switching to an electric vehicle.

As a result, many councils and providers are introducing new on-street charging options to support wider EV adoption. 

What is cross-pavement EV charging?

Cross-pavement EV charging is a way for drivers to safely connect their home electricity supply to their vehicle without running cables across the pavement. This kind of charging solution is intended for homes without driveways, such as terraced houses and flats, where vehicles often have to park on the street.

It works by installing a channel beneath the pavement surface that holds the charging cable securely in place. Once connected, a cover sits flush with the pavement, allowing pedestrians to pass safely.

Are you allowed to charge your car across a pavement?

You typically need permission from your local council to charge your car across a pavement, as loose cables can pose a significant safety risk.

Cross-pavement EV charging systems are designed to meet safety requirements, but availability and approval processes vary by location. Some councils are already trialling these solutions, with 42% of councils across England, Wales and Scotland planning to offer cross-pavement charging by the end of 2026.

Costs can also differ, with some installations subsidised and others costing over £1,000. It’s important to check with your local authority to understand what options are available in your area.

Which charger is right for you?

The best charger for you will largely depend on how much you use your vehicle. As we’ve mentioned, some chargers may not be suitable for certain vehicles, and if this is the case you may be restricted to using level 1 or 2 chargers. In these circumstances, it’s fair to say that if you use your vehicle regularly or on a daily basis, the level 2 charger will be more suitable for you.

Other factors to consider are the costs and installation requirements associated with having a charging port at home. This isn’t a factor for level 1 chargers as they plugged into household sockets and are generally included in the price for the EV, however, if you wish to upgrade your charging to a level 2 charging port at home, installation and costs are something to consider.

If you rely on on-street parking, public charging or cross-pavement solutions may be more suitable. For longer journeys, rapid and ultra-rapid chargers provide a quick and efficient way to top up your battery.

It’s also worth noting that, as part of the drive to make EV charging more accessible, from June 2022 all UK new builds, both residential and commercial, have been required by law to have an electric vehicle charging point fitted.

Keep your EV well maintained

If you’re on the road often, it's helpful to know where the nearest EV charging stations are. We recommend doing this research in advance, using interactive maps like Carwow, you don’t get caught out.

For all your EV servicing needs, book online or get in touch with your local Kwik Fit centre. With over 400 EV servicing locations across the UK, our technicians are highly qualified to carry out the servicing and maintenance on your vehicle.

In the meantime, keep up to date with the latest motoring news and trends on our blog.